Introduction:
E-governance involves the application of Information and Communication Technologies by government agencies for information and service delivery to citizens, business and government employees. It is an emerging field, faced with various implementation problems related to technology, employees, flexibility and change related issues, to mention a few. Global shifts towards increased deployment of IT infrastructure by governments emerged with the advent of the World Wide Web. With the increase in Internet and mobile connections, the citizens are learning to exploit their new mode of access in wide ranging ways. They have started expecting more and more information and services online from governments and corporate organizations to enhance their civic, professional and personal lives .The concept of e-governance come into existence in India during the seventies with a focus on development of government applications in the areas of defense, economic monitoring, planning and the inclusion of Information Technology to manage data intensive functions related to elections, census, tax administration etc. The role & efforts made by National Informatics Center (NIC) to connect all the district headquarters during the eighties was a very new innovative approach.
From the early nineties, IT technologies were supplemented by ICT technologies to extend its use for wider applications with policy implementation & emphasis on reaching out to rural areas and taking in greater inputs from NGOs and private sector. There has been an increase involvement of international agencies under the framework of e-governance for development to catalyze the development of e-governance laws and technologies in developing countries. For governments, the motivation to shift from manual processes to IT-enabled processes may be increased efficiency in administration and service delivery, but this shift can be conceived as a worthwhile investment with potential for returns.
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